Researchers at Iowa State University have compiled a new resource that brings together regulated and restricted substances relevant to food packaging. The work, supported by the Institute for the Advancement of Food and Nutrition Sciences (IAFNS), analyzed international and domestic chemical lists with a focus on food contact materials (FCMs). These include multilayer plastic and paper packaging, can coatings, utensils and other items widely used in the food sector.
The study identifies chemicals frequently cited as substances of concern, such as phthalates, bisphenols, PFAS, flame retardants and heavy metals. Many of these compounds are either intentionally or unintentionally added during production and may be released over the lifecycle of packaging products. According to the authors, the compilation provides threshold values, regulatory requirements and typical applications from a range of restricted substance lists. The aim is to help stakeholders manage chemical risks and design safer packaging solutions.
The researchers argue that the resource can be used as a framework by converters, brand owners and policymakers when updating or developing restricted substance lists. “This work can serve as a framework for converters, brand owners, and regulatory decision makers for updating or developing new Restricted Substance Lists to mitigate potential risks of hazardous chemicals to human and environmental health in the packaging industry,” the study notes.
Greg Curtzwiler, research group leader at Iowa State University, emphasized that the study does not aim to create a definitive list of all restricted substances. “While this work is not intended to create a master RSL with all chemicals described, it helps provide context to why some chemicals are frequently found on them. This research can help facilitate converters to move towards safer, greener alternatives in their products and processes,” he said.
By consolidating diverse regulations and scientific findings, the project seeks to support both regulatory compliance and innovation in sustainable packaging design. It may also provide guidance for recycling systems that face challenges when dealing with chemical residues in food packaging.
