This third annual EEA assessment shows that, while the EU continues to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, improve air quality and increase the share of green employment and green economy in the whole economy, most 2030 environmental targets remain likely off track.
Compared with last year, the outlook has worsened for three indicators, reflecting stagnating environmental spending, a continued decline in environmental taxes, and rising climate-related losses driven by more frequent extreme events. None of the 28 indicators showed an improved outlook.
Beyond the specific declines, the 2025 scoreboard shows an uneven picture of progress across all indicators.
Climate change mitigation is advancing, though land-use removals remain off track. Adaptation efforts are insufficient as climate risks rise. Progress towards a circular economy is slow, with material use and waste still increasing. All biodiversity targets are likely off track. Pressures from EU production and consumption remain high, as energy use, material demand and key sustainability shifts are not advancing fast enough to meet 2030 goals. Weakening enabling conditions further hinder progress.
The report notes that many major political initiatives have only recently been adopted, and their impact will take time to materialise. Current trends therefore reflect both implementation gaps and the growing pressure of climate and environmental change. The report concludes that meeting the 2030 objectives will require a much faster, better-resourced implementation of existing legislation. Although the EU has significantly strengthened its policy framework in recent years, the full effect of these measures has yet to appear, and the window for achieving the 2030 goals is rapidly narrowing.
